I lost my token – what do I do?
If you lose your token, it may still be possible to reset your password, provided you set up a password recovery method BEFOREHAND. If you did, then it will be possible for you to reset your password by e-mail or text message, for example, after which you can create a new password. Doing this will also disable two-factor authentication for your account: You will now log in using only your newly created account password and can access all features of your mailbox.org office as usual.
Well, the 2FA implementation at mailbox.org is already pretty weird, but isn’t it rendered completely useless by this?
Your security is determined by the weakest link in the chain. Most security systems have a recovery system which is weaker than the main system, so their security is only as good as the recovery, usually SMS two factor.