To introduce quantum networks into the marketplace, engineers must overcome the fragility of entangled states in a fiber cable and ensure the efficiency of signal delivery. Now, scientists at Qunnect Inc. in Brooklyn, New York, have taken a large step forward by operating just such a network under the streets of New York City.
Sabine Hossenfelder has a PhD in Physics and gives some good information about what quantum internet is, and what it is not: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-j8nGvYMA8
Basically, this is not a means of transferring data faster than the speed of light.
It does allow for an ultra secure connection, but that connection is so fragile and susceptible to noise that this would not be useful for transferring any large amounts of data.
Most likely this would be used for exchanging keys/tokens which could then be used with a more reliable connection for transmitting larger amounts of data.
Personally, I think there is a much bigger issue with the quantum internet that is often not discussed and it’s not just noise.
Imagine, for example, I were to offer you two algorithms. One can encrypt things so well that it would take a hundred trillion years for even a superadvanced quantum computer to break the encryption, and it almost has no overhead. The other is truly unbreakable even in an infinite amount of time, but it has a huge amount of overhead to the point that it will cut your bandwidth in half.
Which would you pick?
In practice, there is no difference between an algorithm that cannot be broken for trillions of years, and an algorithm that cannot be broken at all. But, in practice, cutting your internet bandwidth in half is a massive downside. The tradeoff just isn’t worth it.
All quantum “internet” algorithms suffer from this problem. There is always some massive practical tradeoff for a purely theoretical benefit. Even if we make it perfectly noise-free and entirely solve the noise problem, there would still be no practical reason at all to adopt the quantum internet.